Monday, September 30, 2019

Odysseus: Selfish Hero.

Morgan Kraft Period 2 October 11, 2011 1st Quarter Essay Jack Sparrow is a selfish hero. He thinks of himself most, but he truely cares for his men. He relates to Odysseus in that manner. Odysseus is also a selfish hero, but a hero all the same. This is proven by his courage, his cleverness, and his caring nature. Odysseus is a hero because of his courage. This is shown on many occasions including in the episode with the Cyclops. Homer, in his epic poem The Odyssey describes how Odysseus â€Å"rammed it [the spike] deep in his crater eye† (Homer 692).This is courageous because the Cyclops could have killed him pretty easily and there are many ways it could have gone wrong, yet he did it anyway. Another example is when he enters the Land of the Dead. His courage is expresses through the following: â€Å"and I grew sick with fear. But presently I gave command to my officers to flay those sheep the bronze cut down, and make burnt offerings of flesh to the gods below† (Home r 701). Odysseus had no clue what could have happened to him there, but he knew to make it home he had to, even though he was scared.Listening to the Sirens song was a noble act as well, for the reason that he could have found a way to untie himself, but he knew he had to listen because of Circe’s warning of â€Å"the dangers he will face: the Sirens, who lure sailors to their destruction† (Homer 705). In the cases of the Cyclops, underworld, and Sirens Odysseus showed great bravery therefore he is a hero. Another of Odysseus’s heroic traits is his cleverness. Proof of his wit is seen when he tells the Polythemus â€Å"My name is Nohbdy: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nohbdy. (Homer 692). This shows that he has the ability to think ahead in difficult situations and not let his head get clouded. Yet another example is when he â€Å"slung a man under the middle one [sheep] to ride there safely† (Homer 694). This demonstrates his knowledge o f whom he is around. Odysseus knew that the Cyclops was a shepherd and he had to let his sheep out everyday. One final example of Odysseus’s cleverness is shown when he â€Å"laid it [beeswax] thick on their [shipmates] ears† (Homer 706).This is clever because his men can't hear the melodious voices of the Sirens. This indicates that his wit makes him a hero. A final, but not only other, heroic trait Odysseus wields is his care. Proof of this is shown while on the island of the Lotus-Eaters when he fought to bring his men back to the ship. In this episode Homer writes as Odysseus, â€Å"I drove them, all three wailing, to the ships, tied them down under their rowing benches† (Homer 685).This is caring because some captains would just say, â€Å"forget it†, and leave them. More proof is shown when he has his men tie him to the mast of the ship and listen to the sirens. â€Å"yet she urged that I alone should listen to their [the Sirens] song† (Homer 705). The care in this is the fact that he sacrificed part of his sanity so that his men would be able to get past the Sirens. One more act of his care is shown when he grieves for the loss of his men, time and time again.An example of this is when he sees Elpenor in the Hades realm, â€Å"Now when I saw him there I wept for pity† (Homer 701). This shows he is not completely selfish and that he actually feels bad every time a man dies on his watch. Henceforth, Odysseus's care proves he is a hero. To end, the heroic traits Odysseus has are courage, wit, and care. And these traits prove what a true hero Odysseus truely is. Yes, he may be selfish like Jack Sparrow, but he is still a hero. So, with this how many of today's so called â€Å"heros† actually are?

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Adarand Constructors, Inc. vs. Federico Pena Essay

In the particulars of the case, the petitioner in the case, Adarand Constructors, Inc. challenged the policy of the Federal government of awarding financial considerations to general contractors that hire subcontractors that are majority owned by minority groups (Adarand Constructors Inc., vs. Federico Pena, (515 U.S. 200 (1995). In the case, the Transportation Department’s Central Federal Lands Highway Division gave the primary contract for a highway building project to Mountain Gravel and Construction Company (Adarand, 1995). Mountain then awarded the guardrail component of the project to Gonzales Construction Company even if petitioner Adarand was a specialist in the component and had submitted the lowest bid for the project (Adarand, 1995). The contract acquired by Mountain stated that the company would be eligible for extra compensation if it chose a company classified as a disadvantaged group (Adarand, 1995).   In the 1987 Surface and Transportation and Uniform Relocation Act, the act provides that 10 percent of the funds will be preferred for the socially disadvantaged groups (Adarand, 1995). The clause in dispute is that the definition of the â€Å"small disadvantaged class (Adarand, 1995). In the records of the Small Business Administration, Gonzales did not meet the requirements for the class (Adarand, 1995). In the decision of the Court, in Richmond vs. J.A. Croson, Co. (586 U.S. 469 (1989), the court ruled that one-third of the work to be given out to contractors will be given out to businesses whose owners are in the minority (Adarand, 1995). In their decision, the Court ruled that under the ambit of the equal protection, the review must undergo strict scrutiny, and the benefits is not anchored on the race of those who challenge the policy nor then ones who stand to benefit from such (Adarand, 1995). In the opinion of the Court, it rules that any and all classifications based on race must face strict evaluation, and that such policy is only conforming to the ambit of the Constitution that have a legally persuasive interest for the government (Adarand, 1995).

Saturday, September 28, 2019

Virgin Atlantic Airways Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Virgin Atlantic Airways - Essay Example Specifically, the increased research and utilization of renewable energy as a fuel source as a method of attaining progress will be detailed in this case study of Virgin Atlantic Airways. 2. To learn biographical information on one airline company, in particular, Virgin Atlantic Airways, in the discussion of its creation, its creator Richard Branson, and the values that the brand strives to embody. 3. To learn of the innovative ideas, techniques, and implementations that Virgin Atlantic has brought to the airline industry in regards to all facets of the company’s operations, especially in the area of guest satisfaction, including an in-depth discussion of the features of the airline that cater to providing an optimal, luxe, pre, in, and post-flight environment. 4. To understand how Virgin Atlantic and its procedures and offerings have allowed it to remain a profitable venture alongside failing airline companies in times of financial downturns with a look at the financial numbers that the company has released to the public, especially in the past few years. 5. To gain a look at the varying perspectives of those who have utilized Virgin Atlantic’s services as to the strengths and weaknesses of the company through differing eyes, including reviews by customers, critics, and analysts, and those involved directly in its operations. 6. To learn of future innovative implementations that Virgin Atlantic hopes to bring to the table as an airline, and continue to establish its niche among profitable ventures in the industry by reviewing releases from the company as to its goals for the next year and beyond.

Friday, September 27, 2019

Business1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business1 - Assignment Example In any of the two instances, you shall contact our customer care at the outlet in which you experience the inconvenience and a voucher shall be offered instantly. There shall be no need to proof the inconvenience, as the customer care agent will be able to verify the details. The service guarantee ensures that customers get time value for their money and that the company meets customer’s needs. These add value to the quality of products that we offer in differentiated packages. Tax and Brown authored the article, ‘Recovering and learning from service failure,’ which Sloan Management Review published in the year 1998. The authors, based on empirical study, explain the role of effective customer relationship management on profitability of organizations through establishing customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, and increasing revenues. The authors argue for significance of customer relationship management and recommend a shift from offensive marketing strategies for attracting new customers to defensive customer retention strategies. The article is important because of its informative content that is vital to organizations in perfect competition markets. High-level competition that technology facilitates has led to exploration and exhaustion of offensive marketing strategies that are common among competing organizations. Consequently, focus on offensive marketing strategy may be ineffective and therefore a waste of resources. The article howev er offers a solution to this problem through customer relationship management and is therefore important to organizations’ managements. The ideas of inevitability of customer dissatisfaction and the service recovery process are the most useful information from the article. Acknowledging that customers may be dissatisfied, at some points, forms a basis for willingness to resolve customers’ concerns while the process enlightens and empowers towards

Thursday, September 26, 2019

Project Scheduling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Project Scheduling - Essay Example (Dilworth 1992, p.567) Using the precedence diagram and activity schedule given, the following bar chart was made showing earliest and latest dates for activities A through K. To work out the early start and early finish of our network one has to start at the beginning activity, that is the activity/ activities with no predecessor. The early start of a job in a network is the earliest that a job can begin. In the case of a job with predecessors, the early start of a job is the largest of the early finish times of its predecessors. The early finish of a job is its early finish plus its own duration. This procedure of starting at the beginning and working out the early start and early finish of the activities in a network is often referred to as "forward pass". without extending the total time of the project. Late finish of an activity is the late start of the activity that succeeds. If an activity has more than one successor, then the smaller of the late starts is to be taken. In the case of activities that do not have a successor, the late finish is taken as the total time of the project. The late start of such activities is their late finish less their duration. Working out the late start of activities will help answer the questions: can the start of some activities be delayed, and if so by how much It must be mentioned at this juncture that this is a luxury that does not apply to activities on the critical path. By definition a critical path is "the longest path or sequence of connected activities, through the network" (Wiest & Levy 1977, p.26). Table 1 below gives the early start (ES), early finish (EF), late start (LS) and late finish (LF) for the activities under normal duration. Activity ES EF LS LF Slack A 0 6 5 11 5 B 0 10 4 14 4 C 0 14 0 14 0 D 6 10 11 15 5 E 14 16 14 16 0 F 16 17 16 17 0 G 14 19 15 20 1 H 17 25 17 25 0 J 19 23 21 25 2 K 19 24 20 25 1 Table 1 Bar chart showing earliest and latest dates for each activity, using normal cost durations 3 Critical Path under Normal Cost Duration An analysis of the network in fig 1 shows that the An analysis of the data given under normal cost duration shows that the path CEFH is the longest sequence of connected activities and it is therefore the critical path. The duration of the critical path is 25 weeks. In other words this is the total duration of the project. Although by definition a critical path in a network is of the longest duration, it does not mean that there cannot be more than one critical path. Besides by lengthening or shortening the duration of one or more activities, the critical path in a network could change. (Wagner 1972, p. 186). The total normal cost of all the activities is 96000 pounds. To this add the weekly setup cost @ 4500 pounds per week and the total cost of the project is 208500 pounds. Activities rescheduled after 16 weeks In a review of project status 16 weeks from its start it was observed that activities A, B, C, and E were all completed on time. However activity F has been delayed by a 4 week and the duration of activity D is now 12 weeks. An extension of a week has been granted. The assumption here

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Project MAnagment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Project MAnagment - Essay Example This particular research takes into consideration the example of construction of a new house where the critical path can be determined such that delay in the completion of the total project can be avoided, thereby reflecting the benefits of the use of PERT in management of a project. Acknowledgements Table of Contents Serial No. Topic Page No. 1. Introduction 6 2. The Role of PERT in Project Management 7 2.1. Risk Factors in Projects and the Main Objective of PERT 7 3. Construction of New House Project: Use of PERT 8 3.1. PERT Technique in the Construction of a New House 9 4. Conclusion 13 References 14 List of Tables Serial No. Topic Page No. Table 1. The required tasks for construction of house 10 Table 2. Calculation of Earliest Start Times for all the activities of the project 12 List of Figures Serial No. Topic Page No. Figure 1. House Construction Network 9 Figure 2. PERT Diagram for the Construction of New House 11 List of Appendices Serial No. Topic Page No. Appendix A. PERT Diagram 15 1. Introduction: PERT or Program Evaluation and Review Technique is a technique for the management of any project work. ... The estimations of time durations used by PERT are probabilistic in nature. Thus specific time durations are not used by the technique. Optimistic estimates are used for the estimations of the durations, while pessimistic estimates are used for the activities of the project (Schwalbe 2010). The management of project holds significant importance since in large organizations or for larger project works, the tasks and activities of the project proves to be highly complex and hence need expertise for its timely completion. It is for this reason that highly qualified project managers are hired for the management of projects. Such project managers are required to have the specific skills and competencies needed for the project to be undertaken (PM4DEV 2008). Examples of different projects may include construction of houses, factories, shopping malls, development of military systems, construction of oil pipelines, and so on (Russell and Taylor 2006). The present study focuses on an understa nding of how PERT is used in the management of a project considering the example of construction of a house. 2. The Role of PERT in Project Management: Projects such as the building of houses involve several complex activities and task that need to be accomplished, the tasks that are interrelated with each other. Thus one of the major objectives before initiating the tasks of a project includes scheduling the individual activities depending on specific time, as well as resources. This needs to be done such that the total project can be completed within the planned time, with minimum cost being allocated (Sharma 2006). For the use of PERT in management of projects, a weighted average of the estimated duration for each activity of the project needs to be calculated which is done

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Praise vs. Encouragement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Praise vs. Encouragement - Research Paper Example Parents, for instance, should look forward to praise and encourage their children for the hard work they put into their studies even if their final grades do not reflect it. There are many ways, both obvious, and subtle, that can be used for praising and encouraging. The most prominent method for praising children is through communication. Apart from communication, little gestures, such as a gentle pat on the back, or expressions can also boost up a child’s self esteem and morale. (Loh) There is a great deal of debate between professionals as to the best way to build self-esteem and cause positive reinforcement. Some experts say that praise is the best way, while others vouch towards encouragement. It is true that praise does uplift self esteem of a child but many experts believe that too much praising might actually result in a decreased level of self-worth. This is because by nature, praise injects competitiveness into a person and indirectly discourages cooperation. (Encouragement Is More Effective Than Praise in Guiding Childrens Behavior) For instance, consider a class in which two children, Andy and Bob, study. Both the children have been asked to draw a picture of bird. Both, Andy and Bob, have been working really hard throughout the weekend to finish their drawings. When they finally reveal it to their teacher, he says, â€Å"Bob! I love your drawing! It’s the best!† Even though this praise would boost up Bob’s morale, it will shatter that of Andy’s as he now thinks that Bob is a better artist than him. This would be a great source of discouragement for Andy and will affect his interest and performance in class in future. Therefore, what the teacher should have done is come up with a way by which Bob’s work could have been appreciated without hurting Andy’s feelings. This is where the importance of encouragement can be felt. Praise revolves around the judgments of elders, such as parents or

Monday, September 23, 2019

Group marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Group marketing plan - Assignment Example The company also improves customer loyalty through frequent discounts and promotions. After sales services has given the organization an upper hand through customer awareness. Clear reinforcement and tradeoffs service provision offers a competitive market ground. Significant influence is by the company’s founder who advocated cost cutting (Henry & Mayle, 82). Cost cutting has been vital in securing a large market compared to its competitors. Warehouse location selection is important in determining customer growth rate (Henry & Mayle, 72) and hence the organization’s trade flow. The company mainly has established its warehouses in the rural areas, which reduces expenses compared to its competitors in urban areas and hence more financial gains. The major drawback in the organization is in the application of the shareholders model regarding its workers. Low workers’ pay has made them compromise with service delivery compared to its competitors. The company has extensive market empire achieved by the exploitation of advantages from cost differentiation, use of better technology and excellent location choices for warehouses. Maintenance of market domination by the organization is vital. Keeping ahead of the competitors will be crucial for better growth rate of the

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Differential Equation Essay Example for Free

Differential Equation Essay Assume that the resulting system is linear and time-invariant. x[n] O + r0n] D y[n] +1 3 -2 Figure P6. 5 (a) Find the direct form I realization of the difference equation. (b) Find the difference equation described by the direct form I realization. (c) Consider the intermediate signal r[n] in Figure P6. 5. (i) Find the relation between r[n] and y[n]. (ii) Find the relation between r[n] and x[n]. (iii) Using your answers to parts (i) and (ii), verify that the relation between y[n] and x[n] in the direct form II realization is the same as your answer to part (b). Systems Represented by Differential and Difference Equations / Problems P6-3 P6. 6 Consider the following differential equation governing an LTI system. dx(t) dytt) dt + ay(t) = b di + cx(t) dt dt (P6. 6-1) (a) Draw the direct form I realization of eq. (P6. 6-1). (b) Draw the direct form II realization of eq. (P6. 6-1). Optional Problems P6. 7 Consider the block diagram in Figure P6. 7. The system is causal and is initially at rest. r [n] x [n] + D y [n] -4 Figure P6. 7 (a) Find the difference equation relating x[n] and y[n]. (b) For x[n] = [n], find r[n] for all n. (c) Find the system impulse response. P6. 8 Consider the system shown in Figure P6. 8. Find the differential equation relating x(t) and y(t). x(t) + r(t) + y t a Figure P6. 8 b Signals and Systems P6-4 P6. 9 Consider the following difference equation: y[n] ly[n 1] = x[n] (P6. 9-1) (P6. 9-2) with x[n] = K(cos gon)u[n] Assume that the solution y[n] consists of the sum of a particular solution y,[n] to eq. (P6. 9-1) for n 0 and a homogeneous solution yjn] satisfying the equation Yh[flI 12Yhn 1] = 0. (a) If we assume that Yh[n] = Az, what value must be chosen for zo? (b) If we assume that for n 0, y,[n] = B cos(Qon + 0), what are the values of B and 0? [Hint: It is convenient to view x[n] = Re{Kejonu[n]} and y[n] = Re{Yeonu[n]}, where Y is a complex number to be determined. P6. 10 Show that if r(t) satisfies the homogeneous differential equation m d=r(t) dt 0 and if s(t) is the response of an arbitrary LTI system H to the input r(t), then s(t) satisfies the same homogeneous differential equation. P6. 11 (a) Consider the homogeneous differential equation N dky) k~=0 dtk (P6. 11-1) k=ak Show that if so is a solution of the equation p(s) = E akss k=O N = 0, (P6. 11-2) then Aeso is a solution of eq. (P6. 11-1), where A is an arbitrary complex constant. (b) The polynomial p(s) in eq. (P6. 11-2) can be factored in terms of its roots S1, ,S,. : p(s) = aN(S SI)1P(S tiplicities. Note that S2)2 . . . (S Sr)ar, where the si are the distinct solutions of eq. (P6. 11-2) and the a are their mul ­ U+ 1 o2 + + Ur = N In general, if a, ;gt; 1, then not only is Ae a solution of eq. (P6. 11-1) but so is Atiesi as long as j is an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than or Systems Represented by Differential and Difference Equations / Problems P6-5 equal to oa 1. To illustrate this, show that if ao = 2, then Atesi is a solution of eq. (P6. 11-1). [Hint: Show that if s is an arbitrary complex number, then N ak dtk = Ap(s)te t + A estI Thus, the most general solution of eq. P6. 11-1) is p ci-1 ( i=1 j=0 Aesi , where the Ai, are arbitrary complex constants. (c) Solve the following homogeneous differential equation with the specified aux ­ iliary conditions. d 2 y(t) 2 dt2 + 2 dy(t) + y(t) = 0, dt y(0) = 1, y'() = 1 MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw. mit. edu Resource: Signals and Systems Professor Alan V. Oppenheim The following may not correspond to a parti cular course on MIT OpenCourseWare, but has been provided by the author as an individual learning resource. For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw. mit. edu/terms.

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Police surveillance Essay Example for Free

Police surveillance Essay Police surveillance can be a good thing but it can also be a bad thing. There are morale and ethical implications concerned with police surveillance. This literature review will thoroughly examine police surveillance. The level of police surveillance and information gathering that exists continues to be discussed by scholars. There are many perspectives when discussing police surveillance in nation states, each discussing an individual aspect of surveillance, and its significance. In Frank Websters book Theories of the Information Society he discusses the growth of police surveillance and organization in modern times. Within his discussion, Webster makes reference to works of Anthony Giddens. Webster uses Giddens explanation of the nation state, to begin his discussion of surveillance. He contends that from the outset in the nation state, conceived as a bounded area over which is exercised political power, information has an especial significance. He argues that from their establishment, nation states are information societies, and a requirement of a nation state is that the members of it, be known at least in a minimal sense. He further explains this requirement by stating, that a nation state must hold both allocative resources and authoritative resources. He believes that in order for these resources to be achieved, effective surveillance is a prerequisite. Giddens argues that the nation state had a particular interest in and reliance upon information gathering and storage. The gathering and storage of information is part of a contract between the nation state and its members are a battery of citizenship rights and duties. The first duty of any government is to protect its frontiers, due to this there is an insatiable hunger for information. This hunger is amplified by possible threats to a nations border, whether real or perceived. This growing need for information has caused for the creation of a massive system of interlined technologies to routinely and continuously monitor and inspect events and activities military and civilian around the globe. The contact between nation state and citizen, allows for each citizen to have many rights and duties. Rights that are commonly held include a right to education, to vote, to hold a passport, to a minimum level of income, to health treatment and so on. They also have duties, as citizens, to pay taxes which are levied, and in some cases fight and die for their country. The delivery of rights and benefits by the nation state, such as the delivery of welfare benefits and services is at the heart of the system of mass surveillance; because it is [there] that the processes of classification, information gathering and recording are constantly multiplying. Giddens believes that the informatisation of society is in part due to the existence of police surveillance in the modern nation state. He contends that due to this surveillance, that rather than regarding a modern nation state as an information society, it would be better to regard it as a surveillance society. His arguments presented provide a solid understanding of how a nation state is formed, and the role of surveillance in a surveillance society. Giddens also provides insight into how information gathering occurs, and how that gathering of information has an effect on daily life. Giddens discussion of a social contract while not new, is a way to better understand how the government can justify the use of police surveillance as it is currently used. The argument that at the rate of which surveillance is expanding and advancing, that a nation could succumb to totalitarian rule, while creative, this seems to be more of a thought provoking statement, rather than actual probability. In Kevin Robins and Frank Websters Times of the Technoculture: From the Information Society to the Virtual Life, the authors describe what they term as the Republic of Technology. In this republic, society is fixated by the idea of progress, growth and development without end. They make reference to Cornelius Castoriadis, who explains that society seeks a fantasy of control. This fantasy is of total control, of our will or desire for mastering all objects and all circumstance. It is argued that the culture of technology is in part the reason for the expansion of police surveillance. According to Christopher Lasch, the delusion that we can make ourselves lords of the universe is the heart and soul of modern technology. Robins and Webster argue that the clearest expression of compulsion to command and control is found by the police. The police in their view is central to the growth of surveillance and to the growing need for information. Robins and Webster believe as Anthony Giddens, that upon generalized patterns of change has been so profound that it is little short of absurd to seek to interpret such patterns with out systematic reference to it That police developments are central, rather than marginal to the technological project. Robins and Webster believe that the police plays a central role for the maintenance of current surveillance and for its future expansion. Robins and Webster argue that the police, as the central force for the expansion of surveillance, plays a large role in diverting necessary funds away from its citizens and has an overriding influence on the direction research and development that could be better used for other initiatives. They argue that the lobbies impose a large degree of influence which distorts and perverts economic and social priorities through procedures which are largely closed to public scrutiny. The role of the police and the use of surveillance can be seen as a means of social control. Social control, according to Robins and Webster, is accomplished by way of surveillance and control strategies, which are modeled on the police paradigm. They believe that even policing, is moving towards a more military style of operation. Robins and Webster argue that police imperatives have played a major role in the growth of the state and the systems of surveillance. Robins and Webster agree with Anthony Giddens contention that surveillance as the mobilizing of administrative power through the storage and control of information is the primary means of concentration of authoritative resources. In other words, the use of police surveillance and the gathering of information are central to the maintaining control and order. The authors emphasize that within the country, the police is central to the collection of information on both possible enemies and its own citizens. Furthermore, police technologies are well funded and continue to be used to experience the dream of total control. They argue this dream has existed in the development of technologies, and that in the future seeking this dream will result in a system that deliberately eliminates the whole human personality, ignores the historic process, overplays the role of the abstract intelligence, and makes control over physical nature, ultimately control over man himself, the chief purpose of existence. Robins and Webster provide a different perspective of the root of police surveillance and information gathering, and how this is largely due to the fantasy of total control. The ability to control all that is available is a fantasy that has lead to the remarkable growth of police technologies that are used in part on a nations own citizens. This growth of surveillance and police technologies leaves the authors to believe that humans will lose control over themselves, with the advancements of technology. This argument is frightening but such a statement is warranted with the advancement of technologies. In The Pay-Per Society: Computers and Communication in the Information Age: Essays in Critical Theory and Public Policy, Vincent Mosco discusses the role of the police in the development of computer and communications systems. He believes that this is necessary, because the police over the years, has exerted the most substantial influence on the development of computer and communications. Mosco argues (similar to Robins and Webster) that the police has increasingly shaped the development of technology in the United States, particularly the development of communication and information technologies. Mosco discusses the relationship between the police, the United States government and industry. He explains how the police has been a driving force in the creation of new technologies, using funds received from the United States government, along with relationships with leading technology corporations. Mosco states that the relationship between the Pentagon and the US computer industry has always been strong. During the 1940s and 1950s the US government, led by the Pentagon, provided most of the funding for computer research. Moreover, the relationship has continued to remain strong. This arrangement has allowed for the National Security Agency to have in their control a global computer/communications satellite system that routinely monitors international telex, telegraph, telephone, radio and other transmissions, emanating from or direct to the United States. The military has not limited its surveillance only over its own territories, but also foreign nations and space. Fijnaut (1995) discusses the expansion of police technologies, and the expansion of surveillance into space. He explains that police computers are integrated into systems of Command, Control, Communication and Intelligence. Moreover, that police computers have expanded the range, speed and accuracy of weapons systems. That intelligence gathering, surveillance and reconnaissance have been expanded by way of communication technologies. The polices wish to have the most control and protection from disorder. Fijnaut (1995) argues that the limits on police technologies has yet to be reached, and will continue to expand. This expansion of information gathering and surveillance is in part, for the protection of a nation, against disorderly conduct. The protection of a nations citizens and the protection of their rights is of the utmost importance for any government, and due to this, the creation of new technologies is deemed necessary. In Surveillance Society: Monitoring Everyday Life, David Lyon discusses the need for information gathering and surveillance in modern nation states. He argues that modern government administrations depend on the collection and recording of personal data. Moreover, that modernity means reliance on information and knowledge in generating and maintaining power. Due to that the fact that much of that information is personal, he argues that such focused attention to data on individuals spells surveillance. He contends that the magnification of surveillance capacities is a fact of modernity, and that it is part of the world that has been created in an attempt to bring social, economic and political arrangements into rational regimes of organization and control. He argues that, the focused attention (surveillance) on individual lives is characteristic of modernity, and that it provides eligibility to benefits of citizenship, such as the right to vote, or state welfare, and also may ensure that workers are appropriately remunerated, or rewarded with promotions and recognition of retirement at the appropriate time. Lyon provides both the positive and negative aspects of police surveillance, and argues that while surveillance practices may be altering, or that they may be used in negative ways, does not alter the case that police surveillance is simply a fact of modern social life. Lyon provides examples of police surveillance and information gathering in social activities. One such example is in the Toronto area, the worlds first fully automated toll road. Highway 407 provides an alternative route through the busiest corridor in Canada, with tolls collected either via transponders in vehicles or by video cameras scanning registration plates. This technology was developed from what was used for smart bombers during the 1991 Gulf War. This technology identifies the target vehicles for tolls based on the distance driven and the time of the day. This to many, is considered a luxury, and the automatic billing rather than toll booths provides convenience. While this is true, what is not realized by the driver is that this technology permits the creation of real-time simulations of road traffic time-space movement across cities. This is extremely valuable to planners, especially in densely traveled urban corridors. This example shows how military technologies are used in public sector. Lyon also discusses the impossibility for anyone to be shielded from the existent surveillance. Lyon argues that surveillance operates in so many daily life spheres today that it is impossible to evade, should one wish to. We are indeed wrapped in media. Most of our social encounters and almost all our economic transactions are subject to electronic recording, checking and authorization. In all aspects of our lives, we are unable to escape. Lyon also argues that there is not one single agency that is responsible for the focused attention on our daily lives. Lyon provides insight into both those for and against the current level of surveillance, he begins by saying, that those who are opposed to such surveillance do so, because they feel that there is something wrong when big government and large corporations seem to extract, process, exchange and even trade personal data with apparent impunity. Lyons argument can be seen as being that police surveillance is a focused attention to personal life details with a view to managing or influencing those who lives are monitored. He believes this to be the power of classification, of social sorting. In his book, Lyon offers an approach, a mode of engaging with the issues related to police surveillance and information gathering. He does so, by discussing how police surveillance and information gathering technologies are implemented in daily lives, and discusses the complaints made by those who are fearful of such focus being made on their lives. In Whats New About the New Surveillance? Classifying for Change and Continuity, Gary T. Marx discusses how much surveillance is applied categorically and beyond persons to places, spaces, networks and categories of person. And that the distinction between self and other surveillance can be blurred. He attempts to highlight the differences between the new and traditional surveillance and offer a way to capture information relevant to contemporary social, ethical and policy considerations. In this publication, Marx is attempting to determine whether or not the protection of personal information is decreasing or increasing. Marx argues that in the last half of the 20th century, that there has been a significant increase in the use of technology for the discovery of personal information. He provides examples such as, video and audio surveillance, biometric access devices, drug testing, DNA analysis, computer monitoring including email and web usage and the use of the computer techniques such as expert systems, matching and profiling, data mining, mapping, network analysis and simulation. He believes that control technologies have become what had only previously existed in the imaginations of science fiction writers. Marx argues that a new definition of surveillance is necessary to fully understand its implications. He finds previous definitions inadequate, and provides his own definition. He suggests that a better definition of the new surveillance is the use of technical means to extract or create personal data. This may be taken from individuals or contexts. In this definition the use of technical means to extract and create the information implies the ability to go beyond what is offered to the unaided senses or voluntarily reported. This definition he believes to be better suited for what is considered new surveillance technologies. Marx argues that surveillance technologies can provide many positive aspects to society, and outlines how openness would be beneficial. He argues that through offering high quality documentary evidence and audit trails, the new surveillance may enhance due process, fairness and legitimacy. That it may contribute to the political pluralism central to democracy by making the tools of surveillance widely available so that citizens and competing groups can use them against each other, as well government, to enhance accountability. He argues that in the United States, unlike in many societies, surveillance technology is widely available to the public, and due to this, surveillance may no longer be considered a one-way mirror, but instead a window. In Privacy is Not the Antidote to Surveillance, Felix Stalder discusses the existence of police surveillance and information gathering in democracies. His contention is that in democracies, extensive institutional mechanisms are in place to create and maintain accountability. Moreover, that there are mechanisms to punish those who abuse their power. Stalder believes that similar mechanisms must be developed for the handling of personal information. He believes that due to the current status of surveillance, that the public (US) have become nervous. Prior to the attacks on September 11th 2001, polls showed that the vast majority of respondents were concerned or very concerned about the misuse of personal data. As discussed by Webster and Robins, Lyon and others, access to large data-sets of personal information is a prerequisite for social control. Those who hold such data have a crucial tool, which allows them to influence the behaviour of those whose data is being held. This exists not only commercially, but also more importantly by governments who collect data about their citizens in order to increase accuracy of their planning, as well as combat fraud and tax evasion. With growing concerns, the usual response to these problems is the call for further protection of privacy. While the call for more protection might be the clear answer, doing so is not as easy as one might think. The definition of what privacy is, throughout the world varies. Europeans have developed one of the most stringent approaches where privacy is understood as informational self-determinism. Stalder explains as being, that an individual should be able to determine the extent to which data about her or him is being collected in any given context. In this context, privacy is personal, and being personal, every single person will have a different notion about what privacy means. Data one person might allow to be collected bight be deeply personal for someone else. The likelihood of having a collectively accepted definition is slim. Stalder provides his own solution for this ever-growing problem. Each article provides insight into different areas concerning information gathering and police surveillance. In conjunction with one another, it is possible to understand how surveillance technologies have been created, and how these technologies continue to be funded by governmental agencies. The effect that this massive funding has on local economies would require even further research, but at the essence of this dilemma, is what can be done to better protect civilians from the collection and sharing of information gathered. Civilians feel helpless to protect themselves from their privacy being invaded. Moreover, these articles explain how the protection of civil, political, economic and human rights are secured are secured through the systematic surveillance and data-collection. Without this, governments would not be capable of such a task, and these rights would surely be infringed upon. They are confronted with a growing police presence in their daily lives, some not even knowing that it exists. They use their credit card, and do not realize that each purchase is tracked, recorded, entered into a database, so that companies can use the data received, for profitable gains. They do not know that their information is bought and sold, traded on the open market, along with all other commodities. In order for governments to provide services to their citizens, they require the collection of data. This data is used for purposes that are deemed legitimate, such as taxes and social security. What worries many is what else that information is being used for, and who is being given access to it. While accountability, by governments in this area has increased, the same can not be said for information gathered by commercial entities. The growth of information gathering and police surveillance in Canada and the United States especially, can be attributed to many factors. One such factor is the need for a nation state to protect itself from invasion, the protection of its borders and citizens is of the utmost importance. This being said, governments attempt to have complete control of their territory, this requires the use of police surveillance, for surrounding nations, and for those within their borders. Another fact that needs to be addressed is the undeniable connection between governments and their police, by which technologies are funded and created. This relationship has allowed for the astonishing growth of police technologies, which in many respects drains from social services and depletes national revenues, when more civilian based initiatives could be implemented. Due to the sophistication of information gathering, civilians are no longer capable of securing their own information. Their information is passed from corporation to corporation, without any sense of protection at their disposal. There is a lack of accountability, when dealing with corporations, and how a persons personal information is acquired and kept. Moreover, in order for any change to occur, definitions must be more precise, rather than attempting to apply vague terms for new solutions. Works Consulted Lyon, David. Surveillance Society: Monitoring Everyday Life Open University Press: Philadelphia, 2001. Marx, Gary T. Whats New About the New Surveillance? Classifying for Change and Continuity in Surveillance and Society 1(1) University of New Castle: United Kingdom, Mosco, Vincent. The Pay-Per Society: Computers and Communication in the Information Age: Essays in Critical Theory and Public Policy in SOSC 2312 9.0A Course Kit 2004-2005 York University: Toronto, 2004. Robins, Kevin Frank Webster, Times of the Technoculture: From the Information Society to the Virtual Life in SOSC 2312 9.0A Course Kit 2004-2005 York University: Toronto, Stalder, Felix. Privacy is Not the Antidote to Surveillance in Surveillance and Society 1(1) University of New Castle: United Kingdom, 2002. Webster, Frank. Theories of The Information Society, Routledge: London, 2000. Undercover: Police Surveillance in America (20th Century Fund) by Gary T. Marx Dec 5, 1989 Secrets Of Surveillance: A Profes sionals Guide To Tailing Subjects By Vehicle, Foot, Airplane, And Public Transportation by ACM IV Security Services Sep 1993 Women Police: Gender, Welfare and Surveillance in the Twentieth Century by Louise Jackson Sep 17, 2006 The Surveillance Studies Reader by Sean Hier and Joshua Greenberg Aug 1, 2007 Police Officer Exam by Donald J. Schroeder and Frank A. Lombardo Jan 1, 2005 Policing, Surveillance and Social Control: Cctv and Police Monitoring of Suspects by Tim Newburn and Stephanie Hayman Jun 2001 State Secrets Police Surveillance in America by Paul; Egleson, Nick; Hentoff; Nat Cowan 1974 Undercover-Police Surveillance in Comparative Perspective by Cyrille Fijnaut Oct 12, 1995 State secrets; police surveillance in America by Paul Cowan 1974 Undercover: Police Surveillance in America by Gary Marx 1990

Friday, September 20, 2019

Marketing Mix For Diet Coke Marketing Essay

Marketing Mix For Diet Coke Marketing Essay It allows the preservation and improvement of an organisational competitive position in the market. It is an advantage that allows business to stay alive against its competition. See Coca Cola Companys competitors and positioning in (Appendix1) See Porters competitive advantage and cost advantage in (Appendix 2). When a company brings a new product into a market they must think about who is the product aimed at, what advantage will customers expect, how does the company plan to position the product inside the market and what benefit will the product proffer over their competitors. According to Kotler product have three levels, core product, actual Product and augmented product, see Coca Cola product levels in (Appendix 3) When companies introduce new product, it takes some time to be extensively accepted, at which point its sales and incomes will begin to rise. This will attract other competitors into the market, cause the market to mature. Finally, the market will decline as companies start to introduce the next product, and customers switch to that product. See Coca Cola product life cycle in (Appendix 4) Coca Cola Company provides different type soft drinks like Coke Zero, Diet Coke, Fanta etc. There good image makes the organisation more strong. Coca Cola Company provides good quality products with good taste. They are specialised in soft and fizzy drinks. Coca Cola have created good image in customers mind, their image is reputable and reliable, and it has one of the most well-liked soft drinks available. They have well-known which is why customers feel comfortable in buying Coca Cola products. Coca Cola can market too many different segments. Coca Cola can market their product to teenagers much easier than older people, because teenagers are their target market. See Coca Colas mission statement in (Appendix 5). Distribution in marketing acts importantly to attract customers convenience and organisations use method of distribution to see their ability. Two types of channel of distribution methods are available. Distribution is underneath the group of place, therefore organisations create a precise distribution method so that its readily available to the customers and it can improve possible sales for an organisation. See Coca Cola distribution channels in (Appendix 6). The Coca Cola Company sell its products with bottling and canning operations. The distributors get to the Coca Cola to the wholesalers and the wholesalers get it to retailers and at final the customers buy Coca Cola from retailer shop. If Coca Cola does not work on its distribution services then their bottles are just reachable at their factories then customers may not be keen to get them. Its more appropriate for the customer to buy Coca Cola from a close seller as compared to getting it from factory. Therefore distribution system of an organisation can be both its weakness and strength. Companies should know that their products are available at retailer shops and stores where customers can easily buy it. One of the parts in the marketing mix is pricing. This part of the 4Ps are the one making returns and which is also why it is important that an organisation chooses the right price. Pricing is one of the most significant parts of the Coca Cola Company marketing mix, which makes revenue for them. Coca Cola use different types of pricing strategies. The pricing strategies are standing much on what aims the company has put itself to achieve. See (Appendix 7). Owing to the accessibility of wide variety products the pricing is complete according to the market and geographic segment. Each sub-brand of coca cola has different pricing strategy. Their pricing strategy is base on the competitors pricing, Pepsi is one of their competitor in soft drink industry. The Coca-Cola Company choose their pricing objective they believe will be most effective in dispensing their brand to customer, to do this Coca-Cola use market-skimming pricing. Coca Cola Company use marketing-skimming as there is a enough number of purchasers that have a high demand, also Coca Cola sets an primary high price and then lower the price to make the product available to a extensive market. Coca Cola Company use penetration pricing strategy as they want to hold maximum share of the market by maximum profit. Coca Cola use discount pricing, where their products prices are often become down during sale periods and special occasions, like Christmas, Easter etc. Also Coca Cola use competitor pricing, where to meet the competition pricing, their products pricing are set about the same level as it competitors. Promotional activities are important element because, these activities are performed in order to inform customers about the product and it includes personal selling, adverting, public relations, sales promotion, direct marketing etc. An advertisement, for instance helps a buyer to get to know about the company and it is products, this can be done by bill boards, banners or posters. The benefit of advertisement is that it informs people about different products and services, their utilities, cost and other requirements. The disadvantage is cost because advertising is more expansive. In personal selling companies use their staffs to sell their product after face-to-face communication with the customer and seller efforts to convince a customer to purchase the product. Personal selling is one of the ways to keep good customers relationships, but this method is expensive. Here are some examples of sales promotions activities and it includes buy-one-get-one-free, bonus points, free gift cards, vouchers and coupons, competitions and prize draws, etc. The advantage is that sales promotion can help companies to provide right information to customers, also it encourage repeat purchases and customer loyalty, but the advantages are that it increase price sensitivity and it is generally for a short duration Public relations play an important role in promotion. It can be used to create a good image of the company for example magazines, TV or radio etc. PR is inexpensiveness of the cost, but it is hard to predict about the responses and it increase the risk. Direct marketing is where a company selling their products directly to people such as fliers or street advertising. It allows targeting specific customer and it can be measureable, but it is difficult to get it is direct impact and it can be quite expansive. Coca Cola use different methods of advertisement and the company spends a lot in order to be seen on billboards, radio, magazines, television, and on the internet. The Coca cola Company uses advertising as its key source of increasing buyer consciousness. It mostly uses the television; this source allows the companys products to attract more customers. Coca Cola uses the radio as another method of advertisement and this is a cheaper then TV. They use personal selling, where the company train their sales staffs, which they preform as a representative of the company to the shops. Newspapers and magazines are other forms of advertising that is extensively used by Coca Cola. Moreover, Posters, signs and billboards are also broadly used as an important part of the Coca Cola promotion. Coca Cola billboards are normally placed at the city centres and their posters are usually displayed at the shops, public transport and restaurants like McDonalds, KFC, etc. In addition, Internet is another method where different forms of Coca-Cola advertisements are placed. Specially, the brand online advertisement is assumed through the wide use of banners, on-site sponsorships and several other formats of online advertisements. Marketing mix has three additional elements: People, Process and Physical Evidence People are one of the elements of service marketing mix. People define a service. This mentions to the people who are in straight contact with the customer such as staff. One of the important parts in selling a product is the companys staff because most customers rely on a decent service before purchasing a product. For example, the employees in Coca Cola Company have a standard uniform. The companies always focus on friendly and quick service to its customers from their staffs. The process of the product is essential in marketing. This determines the capability of the product to supply the demand of the consumers. The process at Coca Cola Company is hidden and it is not visible to the customers. Coca Cola has two types of processes which is involves bottling and labelling solutions. The most important stage that Coca Cola consider is control of the company to get products at the agreed time and good quality, and the last step they consider is, the selling of beverage for target customers of distributors. Physical evidence is an important element of marketing mix where customers will base their decisions based on the service which intangible. Companies physical evidence is supported by signs, symbols and artefacts of the business itself. Examples of this would be the signage in Coca Cola which reassures the customer through branding. Coca Cola Company is focusing on target market; when it markets a product it mainly consider on demographic and physiographic segmentations; where demographic segment before it markets it identify the consumer groups in: age, sex, education, race, and occupation, and in physiographic it divides the market into different levels as: lower class, middle class, and upper class to identify their customers. Coca Cola segments different ages. The company focus on whole population in the world, but young generation is the target marketed of the company. Also Coca Cola segments different income levels by packing, where for small income people they has returnable glass bottle, for middle people they has small non returnable bottle and for rich and higher income people, the company has Coca Cola tin. Marketing mix for Diet Coke: Coca Cola developed a new product. This product is a diet drink by the name of Diet Coke. They have designed the marketing mix of product which is detail in below: Product: Diet Coke is a very fresh and tasty diet drink and provide energetic feel with good taste. Diet Coke is available in different sizes of which start from This drink is mainly for the Price: Price of Diet Coke is very suitable as compared to its main competitors. Place: placement has an important role to play in the products success and failure. That is why the company makes sure that the Diet Coke is place in such a way in market that its in reach of every customer. They have very strong distribution channel and their product is available on maximum stores in the city. Promotion: For a product of such high standards like Diet Coke it requires good promotional activities. For this purpose the Coca Cola Company have chosen following promotional tools: for advertisement the company have use different types of media like television, newspaper, magazines, internet and radio. There are some characteristics to a service such as: lack of ownership, intangibility and inseparability. Each of these taken into account when marketing a service, see (Appendix 8). A product is something which is tangible where as a service is intangible. A product is much easier than the service because after marketing and selling a product there is something tangible to be seen by the customers for they are satisfaction but in services they cannot because its intangible. On the whole, the marketing of product is focused on 4Ps in marketing mix i.e. product, price, place, and promotion. The Coca Cola Company consider on their customers demand in order to find out a product that can respond the market demand. First of all, Coca Cola Company focuses on the strength as well as eliminates the weaknesses of marketed products in order to improve products to meet customers demand as much as possible. Secondly, they focus on the pricing factor in product marketing because the price must be set to match with the buying authority of target customers. Thirdly, the Coca Cola focus on place because place of product marketing refers to distribution channels to deliver and sell the product to customers. Finally, they create promote the product in order to convince customers and inspire the sale in a short term. On the other hand, a service is the action that provide for customers. The service marketing is generally use 7Ps which is extended from 4Ps by including people, process and physical evidence. It is important for any business to employ suitable staffs or people. Employing and training of staffs have good impact that is why the Coca Cola Company gives training to their staffs because most of customers will judge the quality of their service from staffs. Therefore, Coca Cola employ staffs that have good and interpersonal skills. Conclusion: The essay shows that marketing mix (4Ps and 7Ps) is a very important part of creating marketing strategy, also it is crucial for a company to implement their marketing concept successfully. The Coca Cola Company develops their product or service to meet the customers needs and wants; then they seem into determining how their consumer going to receive the product and they consider direct or indirect channels of distribution. The Coca Cola Company will decide a price for their products that ensures a profit. Finally, they promote their product by using different advertising methods to attract customers.

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Music Essay - An Analysis of the Rap Song, Put it On :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

An Analysis of the Rap Song, Put it On While on a recent carefree jaunt throughout Harlem, I was introduced to the lyrical genius of one â€Å"Big L.† As is common of all true artists, Mr. L passed before his time, but not without a legacy. You see, it is the will of the Almighty Himself that I elucidate the meaning of Mr. L’s first major work, â€Å"Put it On,† in order for it to be made accessible to the common man and the upper crust alike, so that this truly majestic piece may live for eternity in the bosom of humankind. To this end, I have composed a line-for-line translation of the complex, sophisticated diction, which, I expect, will henceforth serve as the standard through which all scholars will study this master of the English language. Verse One Ayo you better flee, hops, or get your head thrown three blocks. L keep rappers’ hearts pumpin’ like Reeboks. And every year I gain clout and my name sprout. Some brothers would still be virgins if crack never came out. I got the wild style, always been a foul child My guns go boom-boom, and your guns go pow-pow. I'm known to have a hottie open, I keep the shottie smokin,’ Front and get half the bones in your body broken. And when it comes to getting’ nookie I'm not a rookie- I got girls that make that chick Toni Braxton look like Whoopie. I run with sturdy cliques, I'm never hittin’ dirty chicks, Got thirty-five bodies, buddy, don't make it thirty-six. Step to this, you're good as gone. Word is bond. I leave mics torn when I put it on. Summary: This verse serves to make a strong impression of Mr. L. We first learn that he is not to be toyed with. Big then threatens his opponents, speaks briefly about his fondness for firearms, and draws attention to his sex appeal. As for a more detailed analysis of the verse: Ayo you better flee, hops, or get your head thrown three blocks. L keep rappers’ hearts pumpin’ like Reeboks. Greetings. You had better take flight, my good man, or else you will receive a wallop - for I am to be feared. And every year I gain clout and my name sprout. Some brothers would still be virgins if crack never came out. I strengthen my fame on an annual basis. Hence, my name becomes increasingly better known with time. Incidentally, a number of black men would still have not had sexual relations with women, had it not been for the advent of crack cocaine.

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

Ozone Depletion and Industrial Output Essay -- Ozone Layer Environment

Ozone Depletion and Industrial Output For years, we have heard about the ozone crisis: that because of industrialization and the lack of pollution-consciousness by our industries, governments, and academia, we have put so many environmentally harmful products into the atmosphere that our ozone – the good kind, the kind that protects us from harmful UV radiation – is becoming dangerously damaged. It is becoming thinner and developing holes, like the large hole over Antarctica. Predictions made expected the ozone hole to continue to increase and for the general thickness to get continuously thinner, so that the harmful UV rays of the sun would pass right through our atmosphere and fry our skin if we went outside for ten minutes fifty years from now. (I was actually told this in elementary school, except that we were told that this was an inevitable scenario, and there was really nothing that we could do about it other than buy SPF 250 sun-block. As a tech fix, this would probably be entirely p ossible!) However, recent evidence has shown that the rate of expansion of the ozone hole is actually decreasing; that the ozone is not being destroyed as quickly as experts thought it would. In fact, the ozone held its own and showed very little damage for a few years at the end of the 1990s. Why? Perhaps it is because emissions that damage the ozone are being reduced internationally, therefore resulting in an overall reduction of damage done annually to the ozone, allowing it to begin to repair itself. Before it was known that they would cause great damage to the ozone, many factories not only released uncontrolled amounts of polluting emissions, but they also developed products that were very damaging t... ...t, there is the realistic path of dangerously continuing to destruct our atmosphere. Basically, cleaning up technology and industry in order to reduce emissions and other problems is an uphill battle, but a very feasible one if enough people recognize it as worthy. If industry continues to reduce emissions, and is given incentives to institute greener technologies rather than just cleaning up old ones, I think that we will well be on our way to ceasing ozone damage and perhaps also to help eradicate other environmental problems. Works Cited Fahey, D.W. and A.R. Ravishankara. Summer in the Stratosphere. Science, v.285, n.5425, p.208-210, July 1999. Kerr, Richard. A Brighter Outlook for Good Ozone. Science, v.297, p.1623-1625, September 2002. Poliakoff, Martyn et al. Green Chemistry: Science and Politics of Change. Science, v.297, p.807-810, August 2002.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

The Affects of Video Games on Children

Do video games really affect the parts of a child brain? â€Å"The most widely used positive impact video games are said to have on children is that they may improve a player’s manual dexterity and computer literacy† (Norcia, Andrea 1). This is confirming that video games can help people with poor manual dexterity skills. My opinion is that adults should not blame aggression of children on specific gadgets such as video games. Video games should be amplified more now than ever and they affect kids negative by turning their focus off school. In opinion violent video games do not affect kids unless they are ignorant. Video games are very helpful despite the aggression it amplifies. My statement on this subject is that video games affect the United States children and adolescence but the people that play these video games believe people perceive the concept of gaming wrong. Do video games only affect kids that are susceptible to the function and emotions of the video game or is it the person themselves. People have perceived also that video games can have a negative effect on a kid’s social development but in my opinion believe that children function quite well socially for a people who interact with video games. Do you really believe that video games actually affect the parts of a child’s brain development? Do you think that the G. P. A of a child that plays video games is lower than one that does not? â€Å"It’s believed even though video games have advantages they play have negative effects on children† (Deepa Kartha 16) . The developments of people that play video games are as correctly intuitive as people who fraternize in different hobbies. Parents believe that it can affect a teenagers work if there to focused on the video games and not on the schoolwork. Game fanatic teenagers actually can focus more in school because it keeps there mind set of the real words ignorance in legislature. Do you believe that games affect kids or is just the video games that they play that affect them not the video games? People believe that violent video games affect the mind more than any other video game type out in the world. Classmates believe that children are more affected by games that have vulgar images in them. People develop the thought that kids are affected on their person not the action in a virtual stimulation and if that is the case time will get worse. Do you believe that video games can change the effect that they have on none completely developed children. Do you think that people and the way that they create video games make the child develop badly or is it the parent? People say that certain types of parents will challenge their child and blame it on their favorite objects for them being bad and or negligent parental figures. Do you believe that it can be the kids fault for neglecting his studies because he is playing to many video games? Theoretical gamers believe that the people that play video games all the time are sometimes not even mildly affected by the Meer concept that people believe they might lose certain mental functions from playing a video game. It is proven that all people are supposedly affected in some mental way when it come to video games that there functioning brain cells develop slower when they focus on the virtual reality in some video games. Do you believe that video games really affect the mentality of certain people that play many particular video games? It has been proven that when playing your attitude and aggression spots in your brain have been activated more. The facts have been proven that people co develop more when playing videogames with friends and or family members. Certain families play video games and yet they can and still do their schools work. Particular people play video games and text and it doesn’t affect them at all they still function quite fluently above others. Do you believe that some kids can have video games affect them just by watching other kids and young adults play the vulgar violence blood and gore video games? People described I believe that certain videogames can help you develop mentally and to keep kids entertained and functioning for the next day. Adolescences little brothers and or sister play video games with me and he has better grades than I do so I think that video games do not affect anything. People believe that a video game can mentally keep some people willing to strive but some people can take the video games so seriously there willing to kill themselves if they lose at the virtual life. Do you believe that some children can have video games affect them by interacting reading and or listening to the dialogue of the cut scenes in the video games? In a place of opinion people believe that video games do not affect hildren or and yet still the media have yet to verify the children that have a 4. 0 G. P. A and are very successful at life and in adulthood. People believe that they can also develop from the violent necessities of the video game world and people believe it keeps you in virtual contact. It has been stated by many that if u do not let the game get to serious than you will not be affected by the perceived stat istics of the video game world. Do your really believe that video games can affect the way that you excel in school or develop in mental methods. People believe that It depends where your opinion come from when you develop your choice on having video games or not. â€Å"It is perceived that the average teen video game player plays video more than 5 hours a day† (Norcia, Andrea 18). people are believed to have developed also the concept that besides causing kid s to slip up in school it can also affect their eyes because kids get closer to the television to interact more. Certain people that play video games believe that it actually does affect your eyes after long periods of time. Other people believe that video games are one of the most accurate ways to calm down and settle their mind. It has been described that the simplistic of the video game world have been misunderstood articles. People think that kids actually just like to play video games and nothing affects them at all maybe there eyes but that is it. If children did not have video games I believe that it would make them angered and disappointed that something the adults made for them we be taken from them. It is believed the development of children depends on the way that they raise their child because at delegated times parents will blame their attitude on video games. Do you believe that video games actually affect the mind of a young child? Does video games have anything to do with a kids brain or is it just the child themselves it’s believed to be a type of mental ability that affects the mind of a video game playing child. Will it always be perceived that the children that play video games can actually lose brain cells from different undeveloped digital video games? It is believed by many that video games can be a naughty type of habit or hobby yet people still play video games to fill their virtual hunger for the unreal lust of life. People will always have their own single thought opinions about children and their mental development when playing video games because specific video game playing children react differently to it. Do video games really affect the development of parts in a Childs brain or is it the child? Do video games affect the minds of children or do the children develop their own sense of ignorance. People have played video games for year and have never has any type of damage done to them mentally People believe that they can describe video games as a virtual world of excitement that can make you change your objectives of life into a different type of perspective. Phew gamers agree with the industry on saying that video games can actually affect your stand point when it comes to living life. Do you believe that everything revolves around video when thinking about a kids brain cells or is it just the violence and directive of the video game. Do you believe that video games affect the simple parts of a Childs brain or can it really mentally disable them? Have you ever developed the point in this paper that children need video games so that they can develop more intelligently and learn more things that have life to offer them? People have really developed a life line around the gaming system that all people who play are the same as all the others but we all play different games and we all play for different types of reasons. Do you still believe that video game really affect part of the Childs brain or is that just the way people perceive it to be? Do you really believe that kids can be mentally affected by the virtual game world? (Deepa, Kartha 1) States â€Å"Video games were first introduced in the 1970s and have now become an invariable source of fun and entertainment for children†. (Norcia, Andrea 2) States â€Å"They are a unique form of entertainment, because they encourage players to become a part of the game's script†. Can video games help manual dexterity and can develop different notations on your computer knowledge. So are video games for better or for worse all will they stay or will they leave?

Monday, September 16, 2019

Health promotion Essay

The 21st century poses vast challenges for public health, with environmental threats, cultural diversity and an ever aging population. The role of health promotion is as important as ever, within this assignment I will look at the issues we face and the techniques used to alter public perception and behaviour. One definition widely highlighted from the World Health Organisation states that health is ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social well being’ (WHO 1947). This definition encompasses the indicators of poor health but does seem to view health as something that is quite conventional and static. This can be contrasted to a definition from Parsons who defines health as ‘the state of optimum capacity for an individual for the effective performance of the roles and tasks for which they have been socialised’ (Parsons 1971). Here we are viewing health as something maintained to the standard needed for us to perform our lifestyles. Health promotion is of great apprehension not only for the NHS but also many other groups that are involved in health care such as social, environmental and welfare practices. At its core is the intention of empowering individuals and communities to allow greater control of their health by providing information, education and support. Varying methods and strategies are used to change people’s perceptions of health, with the aim of working toward the creation of stronger communities and improved future health for all. The health belief model emphasises the function of beliefs and perceptions in human decision making. Originally developed by Rosenstock in 1966 it looks to predict patterns in health behaviour, such as willingness to partake in vaccinations and act upon health advice. It suggests that the factors that govern an individual changing their behaviour are based around an assessment  of how feasible change is and the benefits provided. It puts forward the idea that people need relevance or a trigger to initiate decision making (Naidoo, Wills 1994). This model incorporates Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy. This suggests that an individual must believe they have the capability and insight to see an intended behaviour change through (Bandura 1991). The empowerment model seeks to expand the individual’s capability to control their own health. This model facilitates a move toward change by building an individual’s sense of worth and identity, allowing them to indentify their own health concerns (Naidoo, Wills 1994). It aims to develop decision making and problem solving skills, giving the individual the tools needed to see changes through with independent thought and action. This model can be very effective for young people who sometimes struggle to make independent decisions and are susceptible to peer and environmental pressures. There is a strong relationship between employment and health. The main negative being occupational ill health, this can be an issue for many people working within manual job roles, as well as people working in stressful high pressure environments. It’s shown that having little or no control over work processes and being in lower positions can contribute to ill health (Marmot et al 2006). Unemployment is of a greater risk to ill health than employment, moving people into work can be seen as a health promotion in its own right. Employment brings higher living standards, more disposable income, improved confidence and wellbeing. Gender is still a large determinant, men generally work in more manual roles and take poorer care of their health overall. Loosing work can actually double the risk of a middle aged man dying within the following five years. Evidently there are strong links between employment and men’s wellbeing. Men over the age of 65 are also three and a half times more at risk of developing coronary heart disease than women (DH, 1998). Men’s life expectancy still lags behind that of women and within Europe there are large inequalities in life expectancy. These differences are greatest in men, where as the difference between the best and worst countries for male life expectancy is 17 years, for women it is 12 (BBC, 2013). Clearly there ar e health inequalities within gender that need to be addressed. The promotional campaign stoptober is clearly targeted toward working classes; the majority of the subjects pictured are in uniforms that are associated with lower paid roles. There is evidence to  suggest that smoking related deaths are higher amongst poorer social classes (ASH, 2006). The branding used is very simple and appeals to people’s logic through the use planning, note making and goals toward quitting. This appeals to the individual and gives a greater sense of empowerment and personal involvement in the process of creating change. The campaign seems to utilise the stages of change model, the process is broken down into stages and encourages involvement in the planning process. Initially encouraging the participant to write down why they are taking part (contemplation) and then take part in a planning process (preparing to change) along with accepting extra support (Prochaska, DiClemente 1992). Evidence from studies shows that when people are involved in a planning process there is a higher probability they will succeed (McLeod, Clark 1993). There is no mention of the harms of smoking and shock tactics are not used. Raising awareness of the dangers is clearly not enough and more personal tactics are used. With addictive habits highlighting the negative consequences does not seem to help create behavioural change, clearly ‘short term gratification is a greater incentive than long term harm’ (Nanidoo, Wills, 1996, pg 182). There is a very collaborative feel behind the promotional material with comments like ‘you’re not in this alone’ and ‘were with you all the way’. There is clear intent to show that the task of quitting is achievable and by anyone. As Bandura states ‘seeing people similar to oneself succeed by sustained effort raises observers beliefs that they too possess the capabilities to succeed’ (Bandura 1994). This is clearly a core strategy of this campaign, when we see someone succeeding this helps to increase own self efficacy. Health has broad range of definitions and many see health as an all encompassing ideal state. Some however acknowledge that a functional state of health can be achieved despite the presence of illness or disease. The role of health promotion is to help people work towards their personal health potential, at the same time reducing the strain on services. With the recent rises in poverty there is clearly demand for new and effective health promotions. Stoptober meets these needs well by using tried and tested health promotion techniques. It is an effective and socially relevant campaign and last years figures of ‘160 000’ quitters speaks volumes on its success. Word count 1100 References ASH (2006) Major Online Mapping Project Shows ‘Iron Chain’ Between Smoking and Deprivation http://www.ash.org.uk/media-room/press-releases/major-online-mapping-project-shows-iron-chain-between-smoking-and-deprivation. (Accessed 02/11/13) Bandura, A. (1991). Self-efficacy mechanism in physiological activation and preventing behaviours. Cambridge University press Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge University Press BBC (2013) European men lag behind in life expectancy. (Online). Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-21760905 (Accessed 03/11/13) Boseley,S. (2006) Iron chain links smoking and poverty. Guardian. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/oct/09/smoking.socialexclusion (accessed 02/11/13) Current Nursing. (2012) Stages of change model (Online): Available at: http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/transtheoretical_model.html Davidson, N. Lloyd, T. (2001) Promoting Men’s Health: A guide for practitioners. Harcourt Publishers Naidoo, J. Wills, J. (1994) Health Promotion: Foundations for practice. London. Bailliere Tindall Marmot,M. Wilkinson, R. (2006) Social Determinants of Health, 2nd Edition. Oxford. Oxford University Press. NHS, Smokefree. (2013). Sto ptober. (Online).Available at: http://www. http://smokefree.nhs.uk/stoptober/. (Accessed 25/10/13) NHS, Smokefree (2013) Stoptober (leaflet) (Accessed 14/10/13) Ogden, J. (2012) Health Phychology: A Textbook. Berkshire. Open University Press. Prochaska J, DiClemente C, Norcross, J (1992). In search of how people change: Applications to Addictive Behaviours. American Psychologist, Vol. 47, No 9 Tones, K. Tilford, S. (2001) Health promotion: Effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Cheltenham. Nelson Thornes WHO, (2013). World Health Organisation. (Online).Available at: http://www.who.int/en/. (Accessed 23/10/13)

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Football Coach

Football Coach As the sun rises to its highest peak of the day, the local high school team starts heading to the dry dirt filled football field. As the athletes make their way to the field the dust rises and the smell of the soil hits their nose. The athletes continuing their daily ritual, get into their usual formations and start their warm ups. The head coach, Shane Cox, walks around and initiates small talk with the players. Shane Cox inherited the head position at Fairfax High School in 1999. He turned around a football program that hasn’t won a single football game in two years; Shane Cox has won two Los Angeles Division II City Championships in the past decade. Serving for more than 13 years, Coach Cox has contributed a lot of his time and effort into this program at Fairfax High School. A high school coach has to work additional hours during the sports season. This can result in a work week over 40 hours. Working nights, holidays, evenings and weekends are common for high school coaches. A high school coach has to be prepared to work in bad weather and be willing to travel with the team to different locations for games. They also run the risk of injury due to being on the sidelines during sports games. Although Coach Cox’s accomplishments for coaching are impressive, his accomplishments off the field are impressive as well. A football coach’s job is to not only improve his player athletically, but as a person as well.

Saturday, September 14, 2019

Mr Rana

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION FORM SEPTEMBER 2013 ENTRY This is not an application for admission. To obtain admission application information, please visit http://futurestudents. yorku. ca. Current York students applying for Delayed Entry (Year 2) should complete a BBA Delayed Entry Application form and attach it to this Supplementary Information Form. Information packages for Delayed Entry are available at W262P, Seymour Schulich Building. All candidates must submit a completed Supplementary Information Form to the Schulich School of Business by the applicable deadline date indicated on this form. York Reference Number: Program Choice: 13127592 (9 digit code sent by York Admissions) ? Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) ? International Bachelor of Business Administration (iBBA) Which category are you applying for? (Check only ONE): ? 1st-year Entry applicants. Submit this Supplementary Form by February 6, 2013. ? 2nd year (Delayed Entry) applicants. Submit this Supplementary Form by March 14, 2013. Personal Details Rana Zeeshan 01 09 95 Surname First Name Date of Birth (dd/mm/yy) Address / / ? Male ? Female 388 E2- Wapda Town Punjab 54810 Country Province/State Pakistan Postal Code/Zip Code Current or most recent Educational InstitutionLahore Grammar School City and Province/State of Institution Lahore, Punjab Protection of Privacy: Personal information in connection with this form is collected under the authority of The York University Act, 1965. The information will be used to process your application and upon registration and enrolment, will form part of your student record at the Schulich School of Business. If you have any questions about the collection of this information by York University, please contact: Manager Information Service, 99 Ian MacDonald Blvd. , York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario – Canada, M3J 1P3, 416. 36. 5000 York Reference Number: 213127592 Initials: Z. Rana Schulich Supplementary Information Form for Septemb er 2013 ______________________________________________________________________ INFORMATION AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THIS FORM The purpose of the Supplementary Information Form is to help us determine the candidate’s leadership potential, communication skills and well-rounded approach to education. †¢ Leadership Profile and answers to essay questions must be typed in the space provided. Include your York reference number and initials at the top of each page.Do not send originals of certificates, ribbons, projects, etc. The Schulich School of Business cannot return any submitted materials. Do not send photographs, videos or audiotapes. Waiver Please read carefully, sign and date. WAIVER – A clear sense of academic honesty and responsibility is fundamental to good scholarship. Conduct that violates the ethical or legal standards of the University community will result in automatic disqualification. I hereby certify that the information provided in this applica tion and in any material filed with this application is, to the best of my knowledge, true and correct.The Leadership Profile and Essay responses are completed by me. I understand that the misrepresentation of this information is grounds for the Schulich School of Business to cancel my admission to, or registration at the University. I have read all the text carefully and am making this my one and final submission. Signature Date Submission of your Supplementary Information Form Incomplete forms will not be processed. Please review the â€Å"Checklist for Submission† below. Once completed, print all pages of the Supplementary Information Form and submit it to the address below by the applicable deadline date indicated on page one.It is recommended that your Supplementary Information Form be submitted prior to the deadline date. Limited space is available in our programs. Please send your completed supplementary information form (in person or by mail) to: Undergraduate Program s Unit Division of Student Services and International Relations Schulich School of Business, Room W262 York University 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3 CANADA CHECKLIST for Submission ? Personal Information ? Leadership Profile ? Three Essay Questions ? Signed Waiver ? I have a copy (for my own record) of my completed Supplementary Information Form ?Explanation for why you have repeated a course(s) (if applicable) 2 York Reference Number: 213127592 Initials: Z. Rana Submission of your Academic Documentation All other information, including academic transcripts, language proficiency test scores, address changes, etc. , must be sent to the York University Admissions and not to the Schulich School of Business. The Schulich School of Business cannot be held responsible for forwarding your documents to York Admissions. Please mail any academic documentation directly to: York University Office of Admissions Bennett Centre for Student Services 99 Ian MacDonald Blvd Toronto, ON M3 J 1P3 CANADAConfirmation of Receipt Confirmation of receipt of your Supplementary Information Form can be checked on â€Å"MyFile† at http://www. yorku. ca/myfile. Due to high volume, it may take approximately 14 business days from receipt (by the Schulich School of Business) of a Supplementary Information Form, for â€Å"MyFile† to be updated. We appreciate your understanding that we are dealing with a sustained high volume of applications from December through February, and may not be able to provide receipt confirmation via telephone or e-mail. For tracking purposes, applicants may send their Supplementary Information Form via courier rather than general mail.Leadership Profile Instructions & Example Complete Leadership Profile using the space provided below on Page 4 and Page 5 (please type). List any extracurricular activities and/or community involvement that you participated in during the last two calendar years. (i. e. 2011 and 2012). Examples include student c lubs, events, organizations, band, sports, competitions, conferences, volunteer work, community service, paid employment, etc. Include activities where you made an impact. Include contact details for a referee, as we will contact them as deem necessary.Referees will be able to confirm the information that you have indicated on the form and holds a position that oversees or is responsible for the activity. EXAMPLE: Activity (include your role/position) Referee Contact Info (name, role, email, phone) Mr. John Doe Teacher [email  protected] com 123-456-7890 Description of activity (125 word limit) Chosen by my school to be a delegate at the Canadian High Schools Model United Nations. At the conference, I debated global issues. I represented Sweden and learned about the challenges in the European economy. I met and worked with students from across Canada and it helped me improve my communication skills.Participant, Model United Nations 3 York Reference Number: 213127592 Initials: Z. R ana Leadership Profile Activity (include your role/position) Referee Contact Info (name, role, email, phone) Description of responsibilities (125 word limit) NASA Space School : July 2011 Muhammad Ali Lecturer (Chemistry) +92 321 8859967 ali. mughal. [email  protected] ail. com I attended the NASA Space School in Houston, Texas during my summer holidays. I was elected by the school administration as the team leader of my school’s team. The program was based on engineering tasks focusing on NASA’s Mars exploration program.One of the most difficult tasks given to us was to build a rover. As team leader, I strategically spent our entire budget to buy all the available wheels but my strategy paid dividends as later on; we were able to sell them to other teams at a profit. This allowed us to buy more resources which led us to our victory. We were successful and were awarded medals of excellence. Activity (include your role/position) Referee Contact Info (name, role, email , phone) Description of responsibilities (125 word limit) Saved Life; Personal leadership Mrs Humera Saved person email: none +923227454321Hundreds of homes were destroyed in the floods that hit Pakistan in 2011. I still can't forget the traumatizing sights of my village where i saw a distressed woman with her new born child crying in her arms with two little children by her side. She had nowhere to go since the roof of her hut had collapsed. I took her to the camp that was created to provide aid and facilities to the affected. This time was very significant for me as I learnt how unpredictable life is. So many people wouldn’t have predicted becoming homeless and helpless with the entire course of their lives changed.I discovered the pleasure of contributing back to the society and those in need which made me realize the significance of volunteer work Activity (include your role/position) Referee Contact Info (name, role, email, phone) Description of responsibilities (125 wor d limit) Fund Raising; Head of Department of Social Events. & Editor-In-Chief of Eye on Lahore Zair Zahir Manger at Next Generation Pakistan [email  protected] com +923234950392 When Punjab suffered from flooding, I organised a convincing campaign under Next Generation Pakistan to facilitate the flood victims.I was heading the department of Social Events which was responsible for arranging various events in the form of fundraisers. This was a great responsibility. I allowed creativity within my team where everyone had the autonomy to brainstorm and reach their maximum potential. It was a success for we collected Rs. 6. 2 million. Soon Eye on lahore, the first ever Pakistani internet youth portal, was launched. Being its Editor-In-Chief, this successful entrepreneurial venture promptedme even more to pursue IBBA and examine the standard framework of how people capitalise on investments. 4York Reference Number: 213127592 Initials: Z. Rana Leadership Profile Activity (include your ro le/position) Referee Contact Info (name, role, email, phone) Description of responsibilities (125 word limit) Youth Advocacy Network (YAN): Volunteer from January 2010 to 2012 Sadia Sarfraz Head of Volunteer Deapartment [email  protected] com +923134904445 In my role as a volunteer for the Youth Advocacy Network (YAN), I was responsible for educating the youth of Lahore about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and organize an awareness campaign regarding the issue of drug addiction drug.Our awareness campaign over this issue has been our most successful work. We had made a documentary portraying the after effects of using drugs. My job was to carry out the necessary interviews in the documentary. To take our campaign to the next level, I decided to do something about the growing trend of underage smoking in our community. After discussing it with other club members, I lodged a police complaint against a local shop owner who sold cigarettes to underage smokers. Activity (include your role/position) Referee Contact Info (name, role, email, phone)Description of responsibilities (125 word limit) Lahore Grammar School Mathematics Society President. August 2012 to 2013 Mr Amjad Iqbal Maths Department Head at Lahore Grammar School [email  protected] mail. com +923334200945 This year I was nominated as the Math's Society President of my school. As the President of the Math's society I also had the privilege of organising a large-scale inter school mathemaics contest called â€Å"Parakration†, I was responsible for collecting sponsors, organizing the statistical data of over 700 participants and managing finances. The mammoth budget of Rs 1. 0 million required ample planning with resource allocation. This experience taught me how to handle money effectively and made me realize the importance of time management. Also, I was amongst the top pool of International Mathematics Kangroo Competition, ranking 29th nationwide. Activity (include your role/position) R eferee Contact Info (name, role, email, phone) Description of responsibilities (125 word limit) Play by LGS JT, Marketting Manager Tayyab Shafiq I was a part of a crew for a play. I was working back stage and I realized the importance of letting go of personal interests and give way to theProduction Manager greater solidarity of the group to achieve the set goals. I was responsible for marketing and publicity and it required enough effort to [email  protected] c maintain effective communication between all the group members for om the smooth execution of tasks. Effective communication was pivotal to crisis management and conflict resolving. I contributed in designing +923338440248 publicity tools and advertisements along with reaching out to various schools in Lahore to attend the play. 5 York Reference Number: 213127592 Initials: Z. Rana Essay Questions 250 word limit for each response) A) Tell us why you want to study at the Schulich School of Business. As it is my firm belief t hat businesses can truly flourish if their internal structuring is sound, my hope is to provide in-house, economic and efficient solutions to Pakistani businesses to streamline their day-to-day operations. Therefore, I need a very rigorous specialized, academic and professional undergraduate degree in business studies for the realization of my ambitions. Schulich School of Buisness provides just that perfect blend for honing my personality.It provides an excellent academic curriculum and also plays an extremely pivotal role in nurturing professional skills. The dense network of Schulich graduates in the business world will give me direct access to the top businessmen, entrepreneurs, venture capitalists and economists. Furthermore, the school's exchange program is another reason why i wish to study here. In this extensively interconnected world that we live in, an exchange term would open for me a global range of career opportunities where I will be able to experience the diverse cul ture and business environment of different societies.Moreover, the city of Toronto, as a radiant international social hub also appeals greatly to the passionate learner in me. I truly believe that polishing my skills from a university known for its mastery in buisness would propel me to enormous heights in my career and I am certain that if given the chance, I would give my very best to the program and prove myself a valuable asset to this prestigious institution. B) In an interview by a prestigious journalist, you’ve been asked to share your deepest thoughts on what motivates and shapes your leadership style and deep desire to succeed.How would you respond? I have come to believe that life is leadership. To see it any other way would be a fallacy. Think about it. We live, so we lead our lives. And if we are not doing this, we are drifting into oblivion. To lead ourselves and consequently others, we must also follow – these are two sides of the same coin. We can follow our own ego or what others say, blindly; or we can choose to act wisely by deeply reflecting on what we observe, hear and experience. We need to relate these findings with the immutable laws of nature that govern life, before drawing any firm conclusions.We grow in understanding and vision only when we become acutely conscious and aware of self, of others and of our environment. This ever-expanding awareness is the crucible where the sense of personal leadership begins to take root. You and I represent the zenith of a very long journey of humanity. In this context, I would define success as us being a vital part of this dramatically choreographed continuum in which we learn and share freely, with passion and with responsibility, all along, desiring the best for ourselves and for others, in terms of the abundance life offers.What has shaped my thinking on leadership is the thought that as we grow in awareness and see more clearly, our responsibility increases – responsibility to not only benefit from our rich global heritage, but also to inspire others through our everyday decisions and actions. If continuous learning, living and sharing is not the essence of leadership, I wonder what is! 6 York Reference Number: 213127592 Initials: Z. Rana Please answer either question (C) or (D) C) Select two leaders – one you admire greatly and one you do not. Briefly outline why you see them as leaders, and why you admire one and not the other.D) Recently, the role of corporations in society has evolved to take a more extended view of corporate citizenship, acknowledging and actively engaging in political roles. What do you think should be the role of multinational corporations in rehabilitating the areas stricken by Hurricane Sandy? Please critically discuss the process and social impacts of these multinational enterprises working as non-government organizations. Indicate essay choice: ?C or ?D Well I would go with more unconventional leader. One that I admi re would be my friend who is the president of a local chapter of an international society called AIESEC.I admire his leadership style because he leads by example. Setting standards for his subordinates and yet being humble at the same time. He provides a role model for his team members and guides them to get the specific goals and tasks that he assigns them. The channel of communication is smooth as he takes time out for every member and makes sure that he knows what’s going on in their personal lives hence establishing a very informal and personal connection. I have rarely focused my attention on those whom I do not admire. I believe that such an endeavor serves no purpose.We can and should keep our eyes open to learning from all those we come across. When we witness evil deeds, we realize the value of good. All human beings have potential for good and evil. Our job as leaders is not to harbor prejudice against any individual or group. Instead, we need to behave in ways that increases the likelihood in others of the good within them to surface and flourish. In my view, the root of all evil is our ignorance. Only the light of knowledge can illuminate our minds and hearts to the right path – a path that inspires all that is good in us.However the leader that I won't like to follow would be my football team captain. He has a more commanding leadership style where he doesn’t like criticism & works as a one man-army which affects the team equillibrium. Please provide an explanation for any repeated course(s) Thank you for your interest in the Schulich School of Business! Please check your MyFile account at http://www. yorku. ca/myfile for the status of your application. Schulich does not offer early admission. The first round of offers will be sent in March. GOOD LUCK! 7